Adult diagnosis is based on a PaO 2/FiO 2 ratio (ratio of partial pressure arterial oxygen and fraction of inspired oxygen) of less than 300 mm Hg despite a positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) of more than 5 cm H 2O. In effect, ARDS impairs the lungs' ability to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide. The underlying mechanism involves diffuse injury to cells which form the barrier of the microscopic air sacs of the lungs, surfactant dysfunction, activation of the immune system, and dysfunction of the body's regulation of blood clotting. Ĭauses may include sepsis, pancreatitis, trauma, pneumonia, and aspiration. For those who survive, a decreased quality of life is common. Symptoms include shortness of breath (dyspnea), rapid breathing (tachypnea), and bluish skin coloration (cyanosis). Shortness of breath, rapid breathing, bluish skin coloration, chest pain, loss of speech īlood clots, Collapsed lung (pneumothorax), Infections, Scarring (pulmonary fibrosis) Īdults: PaO 2/FiO 2 ratio of less than 300 mm Hg Īcute respiratory distress syndrome ( ARDS) is a type of respiratory failure characterized by rapid onset of widespread inflammation in the lungs. Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), adult respiratory distress syndrome, shock lung, wet lung Medical condition Acute respiratory distress syndrome
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